Gender Difference in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: It remains unexplained that high risk of mortality in women compared to men after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: The study subjects were 477 patients after AMI between 2006 and 2015. All patients underwent revascularization. We compared retrospectively clinical characteristics, hemodynamic parameters, laboratory data and prognosis between men and women. Results: Female patients were significantly older and lower BMI compared with male patients. Female patients were more prevalence of CKD and anemia compared with male patients. There was no difference in-hospital mortality between men and women. During the follow up, female patients had high rate of cardiac event especially re-admission on heart failure (Logrank P = .004), although all-cause mortality was no difference between men and women after AMI. On stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis, female gender remained an independent predictor of cardiac event. Higher age (P < .0001) and peak CPK (P < .0001), lower albumin (P = .008), prior MI (P < .0001) and TIMI flow grade less than 2 (P = .002) were independent predictors of cardiac event in male patients, although lower hemoglobin (P = .0009) was only independent predictor of cardiac event in female patients. Conclusions: These findings indicated that female gender was associated with higher incidence of cardiac event especially heart failure, but not in-hospital mortality and all-cause death.