Background: Data regarding the presence of obstructive and central sleep apnea (OSA and CSA,
respectively) in hospitalized patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction
following acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) are limited. Methods: Data from consecutive patients with an LV ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% who were
hospitalized with ADHF from May 2012 to September 2013 were assessed. Polysomnography
was performed after the initial improvement of ADHF acute signs and symptoms. Patients
with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) <15 were defined as mild to no sleep apnea (M-NSA),
while those with an AHI ≥15 were further classified into OSA and CSA. Echocardiography
and blood sampling for various parameters, such as B-type natriuretic peptide level,
were performed systematically. Results: Data of 60 patients were assessed. Among them, 40 (67%) had sleep apnea (SA), including
15 with OSA (25%) and 25 with CSA (42%). Multivariate polynomial logistic regression
analysis of SA type showed that greater BMI (odds ratio [OR], 1.30; P = .017) and E/e' (OR, 1.19; P = .025) were the significant correlates for OSA and that greater BMI (OR, 1.24; P = .033) and E/e' (OR, 1.21; P = .008) were the significant correlates for CSA. Conclusions: OSA and CSA were common in hospitalized patients with LV systolic dysfunction following
ADHF. Greater BMI and E/e' levels assessed using echocardiography can be clinical
correlates of OSA or CSA.
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