Background: Recent ESC guideline categorized heart failure (HF) patients with ejection fraction
(EF) between 40–49% as gray area. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate risk of HF in myocardial infarction (MI)
with preserved (MIpEF, EFP < 40%), mid range (MImrEF, EF 40–49%) and reduced EF (MIrEF,
EF>50%). Methods: A total of 953 MI patients were enrolled and studied. Patients were grouped as either
MIpEF, MImrEF or MIrEF. Incidence of HF was compared among the 3 groups. Results: MImrEF and MIrEF were similarly older than MIpEF (69.8 ± 11.7 vs. 70.3 ± 11.7 vs.
67.6 ± 11.7%, P < .01). Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated that incidence of HF in MImrEF
was initially mid range between MIpEF and MIrEF but was similar to MIrEF at long-term
follow-up (Figure). Conclusion: Both MImrEF and MIrEF are at higher risk for the development of HF than MIpEF.
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