In patients with heart failure (HF), particularly in elderly patients, pulmonary dysfunction
is frequent. There might be bidirectional interaction in between pulmonary dysfunction
and HF. One is from HF to pulmonary dysfunction, possibly through the enlarged heart
and pulmonary congestion in association with HF. The other is from pulmonary dysfunction
and/or respiratory-control disorders associated with comorbid pulmonary diseases to
HF. Among such comorbid pulmonary diseases, chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD)
and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are particularly important in elderly patients
with HF, since in general, both of them are more prevalent in elderly compared with
young age, and since a presence of either COPD or SDB in patients with HF is known
to be associated with poor clinical outcomes. In this presentation, 1) bidirectional
interaction in between pulmonary dysfunction and HF; 2) impact of COPD and SDB in
patients HF; and 3) effects of their treatments on underlying HF will be discussed.
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