Abstract
Background
Hospitalized heart failure patients have a high readmission rate. We sought to determine
the independent risk due to central sleep apnea (CSA) of readmission in patients with
systolic heart failure (SHF).
Methods and Results
This was a prospective observational cohort study of hospitalized patients with SHF.
Patients underwent sleep studies during their hospitalization and were followed for
6 months to determine their rate of cardiac readmissions; 784 consecutive patients
were included; 165 patients had CSA and 139 had no sleep-disordered breathing (SDB);
the remainder had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The rate ratio for 6 months' cardiac
readmissions was 1.53 (95% confidence interval 1.1–2.2; P = .03) in CSA patients compared with no SDB. This rate ratio was adjusted for systolic
function, type of cardiomyopathy, age, weight, sex, diabetes, coronary disease, length
of stay, admission sodium, creatinine, hemoglobin, blood pressure, and discharge medications.
Severe OSA was also an independent predictor of readmissions with an adjusted rate
ratio of 1.49 (P = .04).
Conclusion
In this first evaluation of the impact of SDB on cardiac readmissions in heart failure,
CSA was an independent risk factor for 6 months' cardiac readmissions. The effect
size of CSA exceeded that of all known predictors of heart failure readmissions.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
May 4,
2012
Received in revised form:
April 6,
2012
Received:
February 13,
2012
Footnotes
Funding: National Institute of Health (grant R21 HL092480) and National Center for Research Resources (grant ULRR025755).
See page 539 for disclosure information.
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
