Journal of Cardiac Failure
Volume 12, Issue 7 , Pages 514-519 , September 2006

Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Level Is Correlated With Left Ventricular Volumes and Ejection Fraction in Patients With Heart Failure

  • Andrew T. Yan, MD

      Affiliations

    • From the Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, and the Department of Physiology, University of Toronto; and Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Division of Cardiology, McMaster Health Science Centre, Hamilton
  • ,
  • Raymond T. Yan, MD

      Affiliations

    • From the Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, and the Department of Physiology, University of Toronto; and Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Division of Cardiology, McMaster Health Science Centre, Hamilton
  • ,
  • Francis G. Spinale, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
  • ,
  • Rizwan Afzal, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physiology, University of Toronto; and Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Division of Cardiology, McMaster Health Science Centre, Hamilton
  • ,
  • Himali R. Gunasinghe, BS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
  • ,
  • Malcolm Arnold, MD

      Affiliations

    • Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada; Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
  • ,
  • Catherine Demers, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physiology, University of Toronto; and Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Division of Cardiology, McMaster Health Science Centre, Hamilton
  • ,
  • Robert S. Mckelvie, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physiology, University of Toronto; and Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Division of Cardiology, McMaster Health Science Centre, Hamilton
  • ,
  • Peter P. Liu, MD

      Affiliations

    • From the Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, and the Department of Physiology, University of Toronto; and Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto; Division of Cardiology, McMaster Health Science Centre, Hamilton
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Peter P. Liu, MD, Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, NCSB 11-1266, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.

Received 15 December 2005 ,Revised 26 April 2006 ,Accepted 31 May 2006.

References 

  1. Spinale FG. Matrix metalloproteinases. Regulation and dysregulation in the failing heart. Circ Res. 2002;90:520–530
  2. Jugdutt BI. Ventricular remodeling after infarction and the extracellular collagen matrix: when is enough enough?. Circulation. 2003;108:1395–1403
  3. Mann DL, Spinale FG. Activation of matrix metalloproteinases in the failing human heart: breaking the tie that binds. Circulation. 1998;98:1699–1702
  4. Coker ML, Thomas CV, Clair MJ, Hendrick JW, Krombach RS, Galis ZS, et al. Myocardial matrix metalloproteinase activity and abundance with congestive heart failure. Am J Physiol. 1998;274:H1516–H1523
  5. Spinale FG, Coker ML, Thomas CV, Walker JD, Mukherjee R, Hebbar L. Time-dependent changes in matrix metalloproteinase activity and expression during the progression of congestive heart failure: relation to ventricular and myocyte function. Circ Res. 1998;82:482–495
  6. Sun M, Dawood F, Wen WH, Chin MY, Kirshenbaum L, Liu PP. Excessive tumor necrosis factor activation post-infarction contributes to susceptibility to myocardial rupture and left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation. 2004;110:3221–3228
  7. Nishikawa N, Yamamoto K, Sakata Y, Mano T, Yoshida J, Miwa T, et al. Differential activation of matrix metalloproteinases in heart failure with and without ventricular dilatation. Cardiovasc Res. 2003;57:766–774
  8. Wilson EM, Moainie SL, Baskin JM, Lowry AS, Deschamps AM, Mukherjee R, et al. Region- and type-specific induction of matrix metalloproteinases in post-myocardial infarction remodeling. Circulation. 2003;107:2857–2863
  9. Rohde LE, Ducharme A, Arroyo LH, Aikawa M, Sukhova GH, Lopez-Anaya A, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition attenuates early left ventricular enlargement after experimental myocardial infarction in mice. Circulation. 1999;99:3063–3070
  10. Spinale FG, Coker ML, Krombach SR, Mukherjee R, Hallak H, Houck WV, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition during the development of congestive heart failure: effects on left ventricular dimensions and function. Circ Res. 1999;85:364–376
  11. Peterson JT, Hallak H, Johnson L, Li H, O'Brien PM, Sliskovic DR, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition attenuates left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction in a rat model of progressive heart failure. Circulation. 2001;103:2303–2309
  12. Mukherjee R, Brinsa TA, Dowdy KB, Scott AA, Baskin JM, Deschamps AM, et al. Myocardial infarct expansion and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition. Circulation. 2003;107:618–625
  13. Ducharme A, Frantz S, Aikawa M, Rabkin E, Lindsey M, Rohde LE, et al. Targeted deletion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 attenuates left ventricular enlargement and collagen accumulation after experimental myocardial infarction. J Clin Invest. 2000;106:55–62
  14. Tyagi SC, Campbell SE, Reddy HK, Tjahja E, Voelker DJ. Matrix metalloproteinase activity expression in infarcted, noninfarcted and dilated cardiomyopathic human hearts. Mol Cell Biochem. 1996;155:13–21
  15. Thomas CV, Coker ML, Zellner JL, Handy JR, Crumbley AJ, Spinale FG. Increased matrix metalloproteinase activity and selective upregulation in LV myocardium from patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 1998;97:1708–1715
  16. Li YY, Feldman AM, Sun Y, McTiernan CF. Differential expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the failing human heart. Circulation. 1998;98:1728–1734
  17. Spinale FG, Coker ML, Heung LJ, Bond BR, Gunasinghe HR, Etoh T, et al. A matrix metalloproteinase induction/activation system exists in the human left ventricular myocardium and is upregulated in heart failure. Circulation. 2000;102:1944–1949
  18. Reinhardt D, Sigusch HH, Hensse J, Tyagi SC, Korfer R, Figulla HR. Cardiac remodelling in end stage heart failure: upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) irrespective of the underlying disease, and evidence for a direct inhibitory effect of ACE inhibitors on MMP. Heart. 2002;88:525–530
  19. Wilson EM, Gunasinghe HR, Coker ML, Sprunger P, Lee-Jackson D, Bozkurt B, et al. Plasma matrix metalloproteinase and inhibitor profiles in patients with heart failure. J Card Fail. 2002;8:390–398
  20. Ohtsuka T, Hamada M, Saeki H, Ogimoto A, Hara Y, Shigematsu Y, et al. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and effect of carvedilol on these levels. Am J Cardiol. 2003;91:1024–1027
  21. Altieri P, Brunelli C, Garibaldi S, Nicolino A, Ubaldi S, Spallarossa P, et al. Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 are increased in plasma of patients with heart failure. Eur J Clin Invest. 2003;33:648–656
  22. Tsuyuki RT, Yusuf S, Rouleau JL, Maggioni AP, McKelvie RS, Wiecek EM, et al. Combination neurohormonal blockade with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists and beta-blockers in patients with congestive heart failure: Design of the Randomized Evaluation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dysfunction (RESOLVD) Pilot Study. Can J Cardiol. 1997;13:1166–1174
  23. McKelvie RS, Yusuf S, Pericak D, Avezum A, Burns RJ, Probstfield J, et al. Comparison of candesartan, enalapril, and their combination in congestive heart failure—Randomized Evaluation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dysfunction (RESOLVD) Pilot Study. Circulation. 1999;100:1056–1064
  24. The RESOLVD Investigators . Effects of metoprolol CR in patients with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy—The Randomized Evaluation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dysfunction Pilot Study. Circulation. 2000;101:378–384
  25. Li YY, Feng Y, McTiernan CF, Pei W, Moravec CS, Wang P, et al. Downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and reduction in collagen damage in the failing human heart after support with left ventricular assist devices. Circulation. 2001;104:1147–1152
  26. Schwartzkopff B, Fassbach M, Pelzer B, Brehm M, Strauer BE. Elevated serum markers of collagen degradation in patients with mild to moderate dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur J Heart Fail. 2002;4:439–444
  27. Rouet-Benzineb P, Buhler JM, Dreyfus P, Delcourt A, Dorent R, Perennec J, et al. Altered balance between matrix gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and their tissue inhibitors in human dilated cardiomyopathy: potential role of MMP-9 in myosin-heavy chain degradation. Eur J Heart Fail. 1999;1:337–352
  28. Squire IB, Evans J, Ng LL, Loftus IM, Thompson MM. Plasma MMP-9 and MMP-2 following acute myocardial infarction in man: correlation with echocardiographic and neurohumoral parameters of left ventricular dysfunction. J Card Fail. 2004;10:328–333
  29. Kai H, Ikeda H, Yasukawa H, Kai M, Seki Y, Kuwahara F, et al. Peripheral blood levels of matrix metalloproteases-2 and -9 are elevated in patients with acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:368–372
  30. Sakata Y, Yamamoto K, Mano T, Nishikawa N, Yoshida J, Hori M, et al. Activation of matrix metalloproteinases precedes left ventricular remodeling in hypertensive heart failure rats: its inhibition as a primary effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Circulation. 2004;109:2143–2149
  31. Mizon-Gerard F, de Groote P, Lamblin N, Hermant X, Dallongeville J, Amouyel P, et al. Prognostic impact of matrix metalloproteinase gene polymorphisms in patients with heart failure according to the aetiology of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Eur Heart J. 2004;25:688–693
  32. Blankenberg S, Rupprecht HJ, Poirier O, Bickel C, Smieja M, Hafner G, et al. Plasma concentrations and genetic variation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2003;107:1579–1585
  33. Sundstrom J, Evans JC, Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Larson MG, Sawyer DB, et al. Relations of plasma total TIMP-1 levels to cardiovascular risk factors and echocardiographic measures: the Framingham heart study. Eur Heart J. 2004;25:1509–1516

 Supported in part by grants from the Heart and Stroke Foundation (HSF) of Ontario and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and CHFNET and TACTICS Partnership Programs of the HSF and CIHR.A.Y. is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Fellowship Award, the Canadian Heart Research Centre Fellowship, and the Detweiler Travelling Fellowship. C.D. holds an Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care Career Scientist Award. P.L. holds the Heart & Stroke/Polo Chair Professor of Medicine and Physiology at the University Health Network, University of Toronto.

PII: S1071-9164(06)00279-X

doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.05.012

Journal of Cardiac Failure
Volume 12, Issue 7 , Pages 514-519 , September 2006