Journal of Cardiac Failure
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 69-75 , February 2003

Cardiac contractility modulation with nonexcitatory electric signals improves left ventricular function in dogs with chronic heart failure

Received 31 May 2002 ,Revised 14 November 2002

References 

  1. The SOLVD Investigators . Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:293–302
  2. Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, Wedel J, Waagstein F, Kjekshus J, et al.  Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and well-being in patients with heart failure: the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). MERIT-HF Study Group. JAMA. 2000;283:1295–1302
  3. Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, et al.  The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:709–717
  4. Packer M. Vasodilator and inotropic drugs for the treatment of chronic heart failure: distinguishing hype from hope. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;12:1299–1317
  5. Packer M, Carver JR, Rodeheffer RJ, Ivanhoe RJ, DiBianco R, Zeldis SM, et al.  Effect of oral milrinone on mortality in severe chronic heart failure. The PROMISE Study Research Group. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:1468–1475
  6. Packer M. The development of positive inotropic agents for chronic heart failure: how have we gone astray?. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22:119A–126A
  7. Blanc JJ, Etienne Y, Gilard M, Mansourati J, Munier S, Boschat J, et al.  Evaluation of different ventricular pacing sites in patients with severe heart failure: results of an acute hemodynamic study. Circulation. 1997;96:3273–3277
  8. Kass DA, Chen CH, Curry C, Talbot M, Berger R, Fetics B, et al.  Improved left ventricular mechanics from acute VDD pacing in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular conduction delay. Circulation. 1999;99:1567–1573
  9. Gras D, Mabo P, Tang T, Luttikuis O, Chatoor R, Pedersen AK, et al.  Multisite pacing as a supplemental treatment of congestive heart failure: preliminary results of the Medtronic Inc. InSync Study. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1998;21:2249–2255
  10. Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Sack S, Block M, Vogt J, Bakker P, et al.  The Pacing Therapies for Congestive Heart Failure (PATH-CHF) study: rationale, design, and endpoints of a prospective randomized multicenter study. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83:130D–135D
  11. Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Block M, Sack S, Vogt J, Bakker P, et al.  Effect of pacing chamber and atrioventricular delay on acute systolic function of paced patients with congestive heart failure. The Pacing Therapies for Congestive Heart Failure Study Group. The Guidant Congestive Heart Failure Research Group. Circulation. 1999;99:2993–3001
  12. Saxon LA, Boehmer JP, Hummel J, Kacet S, De Marco T, Naccarelli G, et al.  Biventricular pacing in patients with congestive heart failure: two prospective randomized trials. The VIGOR CHF and VENTAK CHF Investigators. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83:120D–123D
  13. Sabbah HN, Haddad W, Mika Y, Nass O, Aviv R, Sharov VG, et al.  Cardiac contractility modulation with the impulse dynamics signal: studies in dogs with chronic heart failure. Heart Fail Rev. 2000;6:45–53
  14. Sabbah HN, Stein PD, Kono T, Gheorghiade M, Levine TB, Jafri S, et al.  A canine model of chronic heart failure produced by multiple sequential coronary microembolizations. Am J Physiol. 1991;260:H1379–H1384
  15. Sabbah HN, Shimoyama H, Kono T, Gupta RC, Sharov VG, Scicli G, et al.  Effects of long-term monotherapy with enalapril, metoprolol, and digoxin on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and dilation in dogs with reduced ejection fraction. Circulation. 1994;89:2852–2859
  16. Dodge HT, Sandler H, Baxley WA, Hawley RR. Usefulness and limitations of radiographic methods for determining left ventricular volume. Am J Cardiol. 1966;18:10–24
  17. Kono T, Sabbah HN, Rosman H, Alam M, Jafri S, Stein PD, et al.  Mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation during acute myocardial ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;19:1101–1105
  18. Maltsev VA, Sabbah HN, Tanimura M, Lesch M, Goldstein S, Undrovinas AI. Relationship between action potential, contraction-relaxation pattern, and intracellular Ca2+ transient in cardiomyocytes of dogs with chronic heart failure. Cell Mol Life Sci. 1998;54:597–605
  19. Mishra S, Gupta RC, Tiwari N, Sharov VG, Sabbah HN. Molecular mechanisms of reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake in human failing left ventricular myocardium. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2002;21:366–373
  20. Burkhoff D, Shemer I, Felzen B, Shimizu J, Mika Y, Dickstein M, et al.  Electric currents applied during the refractory period can modulate cardiac contractility in vitro and in vivo. Heart Fail Rev. 2000;6:27–34
  21. Daubert JC, Ritter P, Le Breton H, Gras D, Leclercq C, Lazarus A, et al.  Permanent left ventricular pacing with transvenous leads inserted into the coronary veins. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1998;21:239–245
  22. Tse HF, Yu C, Lee KL, Yu CM, Tsang V, Leung SK, et al.  Initial clinical experience with a new self-retaining left ventricular lead for permanent left ventricular pacing. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000;23:1738–1740
  23. Purerfellner H, Nesser HJ, Winter S, Schwierz T, Hornell H, Maertens S. Transvenous left ventricular lead implantation with the EASYTRAK lead system: the European experience. Am J Cardiol. 2000;86:K157–K164
  24. Walker S, Levy T, Rex S, Paul V. Initial results with left ventricular pacemaker lead implantation using a preformed “peel-away” guiding sheath and “side-wire” left ventricular pacing lead. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000;23:985–990

 Doctors Haddad, Mika, and Ben-Haim are employees/officers of Impulse Dynamics, the manufacturer of this technology.

☆☆ Supported, in part, by grants from Impulse Dynamics and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, HL49090-07.

 Reprint requests: Hani N. Sabbah, PhD, Director, Cardiovascular Research, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202.

PII: S1071-9164(02)25408-1

doi: 10.1054/jcaf.2003.8

Journal of Cardiac Failure
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 69-75 , February 2003