Journal of Cardiac Failure
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 49-58 , February 2003

A practical guide to exercise training for heart failure patients

Received 26 September 2002 ,Revised 27 November 2002

References 

  1. Blair SN, Kohl HW, Paffenbarger RS, Clark DG, Cooper KH, Gibbons LW. Physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA. 1989;262(17):2395–2401
  2. Church TS, Kampert JB, Gibbons LW, Barlow CE, Blair SN. Usefulness of cardiorespiratory fitness as a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men with systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88(6):651–656
  3. Myers J, Prakash M, Froelicher V, Do D, Partington S, Atwood JE. Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(11):793–801
  4. Kavanagh T, Mertens DJ, Hamm LF, Beyene J, Kennedy J, Corey P, et al.  Prediction of long-term prognosis in 12 169 men referred for cardiac rehabilitation. Circulation. 2002;106(6):666–671
  5. Likoff MJ, Chandler SL, Kay HR. Clinical determinants of mortality in chronic congestive heart failure secondary to idiopathic dilated or to ischemic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 1987;59(6):634–638
  6. Smart NA, Marwick TH, Glasziou P. Exercise training for heart failure patients. A systematic review of factors that improve patient mortality and morbidity. Circulation. 2002; (in press)
  7. Belardinelli R, Georgiou D, Cianci G, Purcaro A. Randomized, controlled trial of long-term moderate exercise training in chronic heart failure: Effects on functional capacity, quality of life, and clinical outcome. Circulation. 1999;99(9):1173–1182
  8. McKelvie RS, Teo KK, Roberts R, McCartney N, Humen D, Montague T, et al.  Effects of exercise training in patients with heart failure: The Exercise Rehabilitation Trial (EXERT). Am Heart J. 2002;144(1):23–30
  9. Braith RW, Welsch MA, Feigenbaum MS, Kluess HA, Pepine CJ. Neuroendocrine activation in heart failure is modified by endurance exercise training. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;34(4):1170–1175
  10. Keteyian SJ, Brawner CA, Schairer JR, Levine TB, Levine AB, Rogers FJ, et al.  Effects of exercise training on chronotropic incompetence in patients with heart failure. Am Heart J. 1999;138(2 Pt 1):233–240
  11. Hambrecht R, Hilbrich L, Erbs S, Gielen S, Fiehn E, Schoene N, et al.  Correction of endothelial dysfunction in chronic heart failure: Additional effects of exercise training and oral L-arginine supplementation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35(3):706–713
  12. Parnell MM, Holst DP, Kaye DM. Exercise training increases arterial compliance in patients with congestive heart failure. Clin Sci (Lond). 2002;102(1):1–7
  13. Hambrecht R, Gielen S, Linke A, Fiehn E, Yu J, Walther C, et al.  Effects of exercise training on left ventricular function and peripheral resistance in patients with chronic heart failure: A randomized trial. JAMA. 2000;283(23):3095–3101
  14. Lloyd-Williams F, Mair FS, Leitner M. Exercise training and heart failure: A systematic review of current evidence. Br J Gen Pract. 2002;52(474):47–55
  15. Meyer K, Schwaibold M, Westbrook S, Beneke R, Hajric R, Gornandt L, et al.  Effects of short-term exercise training and activity restriction on functional capacity in patients with severe chronic congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1996;78(9):1017–1022
  16. Thompson PD, Funk EJ, Carleton RA, Sturner WQ. Incidence of death during jogging in Rhode Island from 1975 through 1980. JAMA. 1982;247(18):2535–2538
  17. Van Camp SP, Peterson RA. Cardiovascular complications of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs. JAMA. 1986;256(9):1160–1163
  18. Coats AJ. Exercise training for heart failure: Coming of age. Circulation. 1999;99(9):1138–1140
  19. Coats AJ, Adamopoulos S, Radaelli A, McCance A, Meyer TE, Bernardi L, et al.  Controlled trial of physical training in chronic heart failure. Exercise performance, hemodynamics, ventilation, and autonomic function. Circulation. 1992;85(6):2119–2131
  20. Giannuzzi P, Temporelli PL, Corra U, Gattone M, Giordano A, Tavazzi L. Attenuation of unfavorable remodeling by exercise training in postinfarction patients with left ventricular dysfunction: Results of the Exercise in Left Ventricular Dysfunction (ELVD) trial. Circulation. 1997;96(6):1790–1797
  21. Mancini DM, Henson D, La Manca J, Donchez L, Levine S. Benefit of selective respiratory muscle training on exercise capacity in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Circulation. 1995;91(2):320–329
  22. Normandin E, Camaione DN, Clark BA, Maresh CM, Owen SV. A comparison of conventional versus anaerobic threshold exercise prescription methods in subjects with left ventricular dysfunction. J Cardiopulmon Rehab. 1993;13(March):110–116
  23. Wenger NK. Rehabilitation of the coronary patient: status 1986. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1986;29(3):181–204
  24. Brawner CA, Keteyian SJ, Ehrman JK. The relationship of heart rate reserve to VO2 reserve in patients with heart disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(3):418–422
  25. Dubach P, Myers J, Dziekan G, Goebbels U, Reinhart W, Muller P, et al.  Effect of high intensity exercise training on central hemodynamic responses to exercise in men with reduced left ventricular function. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29(7):1591–1598
  26. Meyer K, Lehmann M, Sunder G, Keul J, Weidemann H. Interval versus continuous exercise training after coronary bypass surgery: A comparison of training-induced acute reactions with respect to the effectiveness of the exercise methods. Clin Cardiol. 1990;13(12):851–861
  27. Meyer K. Exercise training in heart failure: Recommendations based on current research. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33(4):525–531
  28. Meyer K, Hajric R, Westbrook S, Haag-Wildi S, Holtkamp R, Leyk D, et al.  Hemodynamic responses during leg press exercise in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83(11):1537–1543
  29. Tyni-Lenne R, Gordon A, Jensen-Urstad M, Dencker K, Jansson E, Sylven C. Aerobic training involving a minor muscle mass shows greater efficiency than training involving a major muscle mass in chronic heart failure patients. J Card Fail. 1999;5(4):300–307
  30. Pu CT, Johnson MT, Forman DE, Hausdorff JM, Roubenoff R, Foldvari M, et al.  Randomized trial of progressive resistance training to counteract the myopathy of chronic heart failure. J Appl Physiol. 2001;90(6):2341–2350
  31. Tyni-Lenne R, Dencker K, Gordon A, Jansson E, Sylven C. Comprehensive local muscle training increases aerobic working capacity and quality of life and decreases neurohormonal activation in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2001;3(1):47–52
  32. Maiorana A, O'Driscoll G, Cheetham C, Collis J, Goodman C, Rankin S, et al.  Combined aerobic and resistance exercise training improves functional capacity and strength in CHF. J Appl Physiol. 2000;88(5):1565–1570
  33. Kavanagh T. Exercise training in chronic heart failure: The European experience. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(3):363–364
  34. McKelvie RS, McCartney N, Tomlinson C, Bauer R, MacDougall JD. Comparison of hemodynamic responses to cycling and resistance exercise in congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 1995;76(12):977–979
  35. Marshall P, Al-Timman J, Riley R, Wright J, Williams S, Hainsworth R, et al.  Randomized controlled trial of home-based exercise training to evaluate cardiac functional gains. Clin Sci (Lond). 2001;101(5):477–483
  36. Piepoli M, Clark AL, Coats AJ. Muscle metaboreceptors in hemodynamic, autonomic, and ventilatory responses to exercise in men. Am J Physiol. 1995;269(4 Pt 2):H1428–H1436
  37. Kavanagh T, Myers MG, Baigrie RS, Mertens DJ, Sawyer P, Shephard RJ. Quality of life and cardiorespiratory function in chronic heart failure: effects of 12 months' aerobic training. Heart. 1996;76(1):42–49
  38. Stewart S, Pearson S, Horowitz JD. Effects of a home-based intervention among patients with congestive heart failure discharged from acute hospital care. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(10):1067–1072
  39. Kiilavuori K, Sovijarvi A, Naveri H, Ikonen T, Leinonen H. Effect of physical training on exercise capacity and gas exchange in patients with chronic heart failure. Chest. 1996;110(4):985–991
  40. King AC, Haskell WL, Taylor CB, Kraemer HC, DeBusk RF. Group- vs home-based exercise training in healthy older men and women. A community-based clinical trial. JAMA. 1991;266(11):1535–1542
  41. Oka RK, De Marco T, Haskell WL, Botvinick E, Dae MW, Bolen K, et al.  Impact of a home-based walking and resistance training program on quality of life in patients with heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2000;85(3):365–369
  42. King AC, Taylor CB, Haskell WL, Debusk RF. Strategies for increasing early adherence to and long-term maintenance of home-based exercise training in healthy middle-aged men and women. Am J Cardiol. 1988;61(8):628–632
  43. Webb-Peploe KM, Chua TP, Harrington D, Henein MY, Gibson DG, Coats AJ. Different response of patients with idiopathic and ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy to exercise training. Int J Cardiol. 2000;74(2-3):215–224
  44. Brosseau R, Juneau M, Sirard A, Savard A, Marchand C, Boudreau MH, et al.  Safety and feasibility of a self-monitored, home-based phase II exercise program for high risk patients after cardiac surgery. Can J Cardiol. 1995;11(8):675–685
  45. Rogers F, Juneau M, Taylor CB, Haskell WL, Kraemer HC, Ahn DK, et al.  Assessment by a microprocessor of adherence to home-based moderate-intensity exercise training in healthy, sedentary middle-aged men and women. Am J Cardiol. 1987;60(1):71–75
  46. Willenheimer R, Erhardt L, Cline C, Rydberg E, Israelsson B. Exercise training in heart failure improves quality of life and exercise capacity. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(5):774–781
  47. Keteyian SJ, Levine AB, Brawner CA, Kataoka T, Rogers FJ, Schairer JR, et al.  Exercise training in patients with heart failure. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124(12):1051–1057
  48. Experience from controlled trials of physical training in chronic heart failure . Protocol and patient factors in effectiveness in the improvement in exercise tolerance. European Heart Failure Training Group. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(3):466–475
  49. Vanhees L, Schepers D, Heidbuchel H, Defoor J, Fagard R. Exercise performance and training in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 2001;87(6):712–715
  50. Lampman RM, Knight BP. Prescribing exercise training for patients with defibrillators. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;79(3):292–297
  51. Ali A, Mehra MR, Malik FS, Lavie CJ, Bass D, Milani RV. Effects of aerobic exercise training on indices of ventricular repolarization in patients with chronic heart failure. Chest. 1999;116(1):83–87
  52. Urbinati S, Pergolini F, Marchetti G, Pinelli G. Interactions between physical training and pharmacologic treatment in the prevention of ventricular remodelling in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Ital Heart J. 2000;1(12 Suppl):1545–1552
  53. Hambrecht R, Gielen S, Schuler G. Physical training as an adjunct therapy in patients with congestive heart failure: patient selection, training protocols, results, and future directions. Curr Cardiol Rep. 1999;1(1):38–46
  54. Garrigue S, Bordachar P, Reuter S, Jais P, Kobeissi A, Gaggini G, et al.  Comparison of permanent left ventricular and biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure and chronic atrial fibrillation: prospective haemodynamic study. Heart. 2002;87(6):529–534
  55. Demopoulos L, Yeh M, Gentilucci M, Testa M, Bijou R, Katz SD, et al.  Nonselective beta-adrenergic blockade with carvedilol does not hinder the benefits of exercise training in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation. 1997;95(7):1764–1767
  56. Forissier JF, Vernochet P, Bertrand P, Charbonnier B, Monpere C. Influence of carvedilol on the benefits of physical training in patients with moderate chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2001;3(3):335–342
  57. Pietila M, Malminiemi K, Huupponen R, Rouru J, Pulkki K, Pere E, et al.  Celiprolol augments the effect of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels in chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2000;2(1):81–90
  58. Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Office of Marketing and Communications, Chicago, IL. Available from http://www.rush.edu/patients/heartNovember 2002; Accessed

 Reprint requests: Professor T. Marwick, University of Queensland Department of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia.

PII: S1071-9164(02)25402-0

doi: 10.1054/jcaf.2003.2

Journal of Cardiac Failure
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 49-58 , February 2003